Optimal Electric Vehicle Fleet Charging Management with a Frequency Regulation Service

Electric vehicles are able to provide immediate power through the vehicle-to-grid function, and they can adjust their charging level when in grid-to-vehicle mode. This allows them ancillary services such as frequency control. Their batteries differ from conventional energy storage systems that owner’s requirement constraint must be met participate a control system. An optimization problem was defined by considering both owner satisfaction performance. The main contribution of proposed paper, compared literature, (1) keep total available stored connected station an optimal region favors regulation capability QoS (2) consider bounded efficiency thresholds charger allow for maximum power. is expressed multi-criteria with time-dependent references. paper presents management strategy control, describes concept state charge electric vehicle demands, considers dependence efficiency. Finally, simulation results presented via Matlab/Simulink prove effectiveness algorithm.